4. All of the above
A sign is something that is observed by another person. A symptom is something the student will feel and report. Signs and symptoms of a brain injury can occur immediately, or can present hours to days later.
A student who has suffered a concussion may admit to symptoms that include: a headache, feeling dizzy or dazed, seeing spots of light or being bothered by bright lights, hearing ringing in the ears, feeling tired, getting sick to their stomach, getting angry easily, has thoughts that are foggy or fuzzy, and is not sure where they are.
You may observe (signs) that the person who has suffered a concussion has poor balance and coordination, slow and slurred speech, poor ability to focus or concentrate, difficulty answering questions, stares into space or does not look at you when you talk to them, decreased ability to play games or sports, and unusual changes in the way the person feels or acts toward others.
Delayed concussion symptoms and signs can occur hours or days after the original injury.
If you have already had a concussion, you may be at risk for second concussion. Signs and symptoms of a suspected concussion can be identified by a designated and specifically-trained first responder.
The minimum standard for diagnosis of a concussion is from a medical doctor, nurse practitioner, or (whenever available) medical concussion specialist, who would follow-up with informed medical management.
Concussions can occur:
Concussion management and return to learn
Dr. Mike Evans is founder of the Health Design Lab at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, an Associate Professor of Family Medicine and Public Health at the University of Toronto, and a staff physician at St. Michael's Hospital.
Madigan video
23 year old male ex ice-hockey goalie
Concussions in Football: Signs, Symptoms and Playing Safe
The National Academy of Neuropsychology Foundation (NAN) and National Athletic Trainers Association (NATA) have joined forces on a national and local grassroots campaign to educate the public, athletes, health professionals, coaches, parents, administrators and others about concussion in sports.
A Blow to the Brain | 60 Minutes
A Report by Dan Rather for 60 Minutes - A Blow to the Brain
Big Hits Broken Dreams
Punched Out: Learning to Brawl | The Life and Death of Derek Boogaard | The New York Times
Derek Boogaard fought his way to center ice as one of the N.H.L's most feared fighters. But the role exposed Boogaard to repeated head trauma, chronic pain and a deadly drug addiction.
CBC - Hits and Head Injuries
CBC's Chief Correspondent Peter Mansbridge goes inside the world's largest brain bank whose findings could change hockey.
Dan Rather - Knocking Heads
Story about the epidemic of concussions and the long term damage suffered by football players.
The Impact of Concussions in Youth and College Sports: Dr. Robert Cantu
Dr. Robert Cantu and Christopher Nowinski shared their findings on "The Impact of Concussions in Youth and College Sports" with the Williams College community.
The Impact of Concussions on High School Athletes: Gerard Gioia
Gerard A. Gioia, Ph.D., Chief of the Division of Pediatric Neuropsychology and the Director of the Safe Concussion Outcome, Recovery & Education (SCORE) Program at the Childrens National Medical Center, testifies at a hearing on The Impact of Concussions on High School Athletes on May 20, 2010.
Boom Boom (Out Go The Lights)
Adults tend to complicate things sometimes. Our tongue-in-cheek, fun, message to the NHL is a simple one: save our skulls (SOS) and ban head shots now, that’s it. No different from what adults ask of us at school.
What’s a Concussion Anyway? (Oregon Center for Applied Science) NOT A VIDEO, BUT A COLORFUL TUTORIAL
This program will show you how to: Spot the signs and symptoms. Get over it and get back in the game
Concussions 101, a Primer for Kids and Parents
Dr. Mike Evans is founder of the Health Design Lab at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, an Associate Professor of Family Medicine and Public Health at the University of Toronto, and a staff physician at St. Michael's Hospital.
Concussions: Don't Hide It, Report It, Take Time to Recover